The life cycle of software testing refers to the various stages and activities involved in testing a software application or system. It encompasses the planning, preparation, execution, and evaluation of tests to ensure the quality and reliability of the software. Here's a general overview of the typical life cycle of software testing:
1. Test Planning: In this initial phase, the test strategy and test plan are developed. The objectives, scope, resources, and timelines for testing are defined. Test requirements are identified, and test cases and test scenarios are created. 2. Test Design: In this phase, detailed test cases are designed based on the requirements and specifications. Test data and test environment requirements are also determined. Test design techniques such as equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, and decision tables are applied to create effective test cases. 3. Test Environment Setup: The test environment includes hardware, software, and network configurations necessary for testing. The required test tools and test data are set up, and the test environment is prepared to replicate the production environment as closely as possible. 4. Test Execution: The actual execution of test cases is performed in this phase. Testers run the test cases and record the results, comparing the actual outcomes with the expected outcomes. Defects or issues discovered during testing are reported in a defect tracking system for resolution. 5. Test Reporting: Test reports are generated to provide an overview of the testing progress, test coverage, and the status of defects. The reports help stakeholders make informed decisions regarding the software's readiness for release. Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) may be used to measure and track testing effectiveness. 6. Defect Tracking and Resolution: Defects or issues found during testing are logged into a defect tracking system. They are assigned to the development team for investigation and resolution. The defects go through a lifecycle of identification, assignment, analysis, fixing, retesting, and closure. 7. Test Closure: Once the test execution is complete, a formal evaluation of the testing process is conducted. Lessons learned and best practices are documented for future projects. Test artifacts, such as test cases, test scripts, and test data, are archived for future reference. It's important to note that the software testing life cycle can vary depending on the development methodology used (e.g., Waterfall, Agile, DevOps). Agile methodologies, for example, often involve iterative and continuous testing throughout the development process.
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